| Called in the Ojibwe language
| |
| | West Hotel and engaged in bootlegging,
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| Gakaabikaang (at the falls), the city
| |
| | racketeering, and prostitution.
|
| grew up around the Saint Anthony Falls,
| |
| | In the 1950s and 1960s, the downtown area
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| the only waterfall on the Mississippi
| |
| | of Minneapolis went through a major phase
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| River and the end of the commercially
| |
| | of urban renewal, which involved the
|
| navigable section of the river until
| |
| | razing of about 200 buildings across 25
|
| locks were installed in the 1960s. Father
| |
| | city blocks—roughly 40% of the area.
|
| Louis Hennepin was the first European to
| |
| | This included the destruction of a slum
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| explore the area, giving the falls their
| |
| | area known as "Skid Row," but also the
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| name, as well as lending his name to the
| |
| | destruction of many buildings with
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| county in which Minneapolis is located.
| |
| | notable architecture. One of the most
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| The nearby Fort Snelling spurred the
| |
| | lamented buildings was the Metropolitan
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| growth of villages and towns in the area.
| |
| | Building, known simply as "the Met".
|
| A lumber mill was built on the falls in
| |
| | Efforts to save the building (which
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| 1822 to supply the fort. In the 1840s,
| |
| | ultimately failed) are credited with
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| settlers were not allowed to stay on land
| |
| | jumpstarting a much greater interest in
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| controlled by the military without
| |
| | historic preservation in the state of
|
| special permission, so the first
| |
| | Minnesota.
|
| settlement near the falls, St. Anthony,
| |
| | While it was never official policy,
|
| grew on the northeast side of the river,
| |
| | segregation occurred between whites and
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| just outside of the fort's jurisdiction.
| |
| | blacks in the city, and racial issues
|
| The first person authorized to live on
| |
| | still fuel conflicts in the city today. A
|
| the river's west bank was Colonel John H.
| |
| | desegregation program of forced busing to
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| Stevens, who operated a ferry service
| |
| | balance the number of black and white
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| starting around 1850. A few years later,
| |
| | schoolchildren in city schools began in
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| the amount of land controlled by the fort
| |
| | 1972. While ethnic diversity continues to
|
| was reduced with an order from U.S.
| |
| | grow in the area (both in quantity and
|
| President Millard Fillmore, and free
| |
| | variety), some advocacy groups, in
|
| settlement followed. The village of
| |
| | particular those representing African
|
| Minneapolis soon sprung up on the
| |
| | Americans and Native Americans, complain
|
| southwest bank of the river. The village
| |
| | that their members are excessively
|
| of St. Anthony was incorporated by the
| |
| | targeted by the police. Minneapolis has a
|
| Minnesota Territorial Legislature in
| |
| | higher rate of black poverty than many
|
| 1855, and Minneapolis soon followed in
| |
| | other American cities.
|
| 1856.
| |
| | Another relatively troubled period for
|
| The original campus of the University of
| |
| | parts of Minneapolis was the 1990s, when
|
| Minnesota system first appeared near the
| |
| | the murder rate and incidence of gang
|
| falls at this time. Today it is a Big Ten
| |
| | violence climbed, almost entirely in
|
| university with more than 50,000
| |
| | poorer neighborhoods of the city. The
|
| undergraduate and graduate students
| |
| | Phillips neighborhood (now referred to as
|
| enrolled in the Twin Cities alone, making
| |
| | Phillips Community) was particularly
|
| it one of the largest campuses in the
| |
| | hard-hit. After reaching a record 97
|
| country.
| |
| | homicides in 1995, the city gained an
|
| Minneapolis grew quickly during and after
| |
| | unpleasant nickname because of the
|
| the Civil War and became a city in 1867.
| |
| | violence: "Murderapolis." Supposedly
|
| Outstripping the growth of its neighbor,
| |
| | coined by local gun shop owner Mark
|
| the city merged with St. Anthony five
| |
| | Koscielski, the term gained widespread
|
| years later in 1872. The early growth of
| |
| | use after The New York Times used it when
|
| the city was directed by the river, which
| |
| | reporting that Minneapolis had surpassed
|
| ran to the southeast, and most early
| |
| | the per capita homicide rate of New York
|
| streets ran parallel to it to maximize
| |
| | City. The murder rate retreated in the
|
| the amount of land that could be used.
| |
| | following years, but area residents often
|
| Later growth of Minneapolis eventually
| |
| | grow concerned that the nickname may make
|
| turned to using north-south/east-west
| |
| | a comeback whenever there is an uptick in
|
| streets, so many unique intersections
| |
| | violence in the city.
|
| were formed to translate between the two
| |
| | Health and environmental issues have
|
| layouts (probably the most famous of
| |
| | gained importance over the years. Many
|
| these is a site known as Seven Corners,
| |
| | cleanup projects have taken place, and
|
| on the eastern periphery of downtown).
| |
| | industrial activities have been scaled
|
| Some streets, especially many of the
| |
| | back or modified within the city. In
|
| older and more traditionally important
| |
| | 2005, the City amended its Comprehensive
|
| ones of the city, like Hennepin Ave. and
| |
| | Plan and adopted various indicators that
|
| Nicollet Ave., have both orientations at
| |
| | strengthen its commitment to
|
| different points along their roadways.
| |
| | sustainability. On the scale of
|
| Following an initial burst of activity in
| |
| | individuals, a ban on smoking in all
|
| the lumber industry, the city's economy
| |
| | bars, bowling alleys and restaurants went
|
| developed around the processing of grain
| |
| | into effect in March 2005.
|
| from the Great Plains, which is reflected
| |
| | Minneapolis has a long history of
|
| by the presence of companies such as
| |
| | prominence as a center for the arts. The
|
| General Mills and Pillsbury in the city.
| |
| | Walker Art Center (opened in 1927) an
|
| In its heyday, it was known as the
| |
| | early proponent of pop and postmodern art
|
| "milling capital of the world." It was
| |
| | movements. The Guthrie Theater (founded
|
| the leading producer of grain in the
| |
| | in 1963) is a repertory company whose
|
| world until 1932. Today, it is still
| |
| | stage also showcases local and
|
| referred to as the mill city. More
| |
| | international performances theatrical and
|
| recently the city has become notable for
| |
| | otherwise, and features workshops
|
| its medical and financial industries, as
| |
| | headlined by Emmy and Oscar-winning
|
| well as the largest shopping mall in
| |
| | celebrities. The new three-stage Guthrie
|
| terms of indoor space in the United
| |
| | complex opened in the old Mill District
|
| States, the Mall of America (actually in
| |
| | in 2006. In the 1980s, a diverse range of
|
| Bloomington, a suburb south of
| |
| | musicians, including Prince, HĂĽsker DĂĽ,
|
| Minneapolis). Minneapolis was the
| |
| | the Replacements, the Suburbs, and Soul
|
| headquarters of Honeywell International
| |
| | Asylum set the pace for the nation in pop
|
| Inc.
| |
| | musical innovation, and local producers
|
| The 1920s and 1930s were a rather dark
| |
| | Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis's studios
|
| period in the city's history, as
| |
| | became a destination for some of the
|
| organized crime and corruption took hold
| |
| | 1980s and 1990s biggest acts. Prince's
|
| of the region. The most notorious
| |
| | music and that of groups/artists in his
|
| gangster from this time was Kid Cann
| |
| | artistic influence gave rise to the term
|
| (real name Isadore Blumenfeld) who ran
| |
| | "the Minneapolis sound".
|
| much of his operation from the city's
| |
| |
|
