The History of Rochester Minnesota

Like with many other towns in the area, frontierthe fullest.
life and westward expansion of the countryOn August 21st, 1883, a tornado swept through
brought settlers to Rochester 154 years ago.the north side of town, killing and injuring many
Among those settlers was a man named Georgepeople. Dr. William Worrall Mayo was a key player
Head; a baker from Waukesha, Wisconsin. Head isin rebuilding Rochester, knowing that people would
typically considered the founder of Rochesterleave if they were not well-cared for. Dr. Mayo
since he built the first permanent home in theand his sons, along with the help of Mother Alfred
area, but others were here first. The land thatMoes and this Sisters of St. Francis, set up a
Head wanted was previously claimed by Edwardsystem to care for those injured during the crisis.
S. Smith. As Head tried to take over, SmithAs the town was beginning to recover, Mother
confronted him with a gun, but a deal was madeAlfred Moes proposed building a hospital to the
as Head offered a large sum of money instead.Mayos. Although not enthusiastic at first, the
Head and his family arrived in the area in the latehospital was eventually started. The first seeds of
summer of 1854 and built a home on the Zumbrothe Mayo Clinic were planted as St. Mary's Hospital
River. Some rapids on the river reminded him ofwas created. In 1901, Dr. Henry Plummer joined
falls on a river from his childhood in Rochester,the practice at St. Mary's, bringing many
New York, so he named the new settlementadvancements in technology and patient care. This
Rochester. Also in 1854, the first street, which isteam soon formed the organization known as the
now Broadway, was opened. A log was draggedMayo Clinic. Parts of this history still remain in
through the underbrush by a team of oxen toRochester today. Dr. Charlie Mayo's home,
create a path, followed by Henrietta Head on aMayowood, and Dr. Plummers' home, the Plummer
horse to make it official.House, are available for special events and tours.
George Head built another log cabin along theDr. Will Mayo's mansion is home to the Mayo
Zumbro that would evolve into Rochester's firstFoundation.
first hotel over the next few years. It became aAs the quality of care at the Mayo Clinic spread
popular housing spot for settlers passing through.throughout the region, more people came to
Many settlers came to stay, as the city wasRochester and the town continued to grow. An
located along the Dubuque Trail, a 272-mileairport was opened in 1928, offering its services
stagecoach route from St. Paul to Dubuque, Iowa.mostly to patients and visiting doctors. In 1956,
When the railroad arrived in 1864, the town grewIBM chose Rochester as its building site, creating a
even more. Farmers could now transport cropshuge housing boom, drawing in many more people.
of corn, potatoes, and wheat to other parts ofIn 1978, another natural disaster struck when a
the country much easier. With the increase indownpour caused massive flooding in the city,
population, other business started opening as well.killing five people and requiring the evacuation of
Wool mills, broom factories, cheese factories,5,000. Since then, flood control has always been
bakeries, and buggy wagon repair shops werean important factor in any land developments. No
some of the businesses that could be found.serious flooding has occurred since the flood
As Rochester was growing into a substantial city,control projects were started. The 1980s brought
elsewhere in the country the American Civil Warthe Centerplace Galleria to downtown Rochester,
was raging on. Nothing unique to Rochesteralong with a number of other renovations.
occurred as a result of the war, except that theThere is no doubt that Rochester will continue to
city received Dr. William Worrall Mayo as a medicalgrow and thrive in the future. If there is one thing
examiner of Civil War recruits. He had arrived inthat Rochester's history can teach, it is that
1863, and built up a practice throughout the entiredevastation is not the end. The tornado of 1883
southern portion of the state of Minnesota duringwas one of the most destructive events in
and after the war. He had two sons, William andRochester's past, but it lead to the formation of
Charlie, who would accompany him on medicalan institution that saves thousands of lives every
calls when they were old enough. They eventuallyyear.
became doctors as well, and used their skills to